{"id":1434,"date":"2024-12-10T15:54:00","date_gmt":"2024-12-10T15:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/?p=1434"},"modified":"2025-03-26T11:34:47","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T11:34:47","slug":"egzema-kaip-atpazinti-suprasti-ir-suvaldyti-sia-odos-bukle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/egzema-kaip-atpazinti-suprasti-ir-suvaldyti-sia-odos-bukle\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekz\u00e9m: Jak jej rozpoznat, pochopit a zvl\u00e1dnout"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pokud se ji\u017e n\u011bjakou dobu pot\u00fdk\u00e1te s extr\u00e9mn\u011b suchou a sv\u011bdivou poko\u017ekou, m\u016f\u017ee se jednat o ekz\u00e9m \u2013 jedno z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch ko\u017en\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Ekz\u00e9m se projevuje suchost\u00ed, sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00edm, zarudnut\u00edm a podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u2013 od genetick\u00fdch faktor\u016f po vlivy prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eEkz\u00e9m pat\u0159\u00ed mezi dermatitidy \u2013 z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00ed stavy, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt vyvol\u00e1ny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi faktory, jako je kontakt s alergeny nebo dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, vysok\u00e1 hladina stresu nebo such\u00e9 podneb\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje certifikovan\u00e1 dermatolo\u017eka Dr. Melanie Palm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spole\u010dn\u011b s dal\u0161\u00edmi dermatology Dr. Jeremym Brauerem a Dr. Lauren Penzi se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny ekz\u00e9mu, jeho projevy a nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak jej zvl\u00e1dnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co zp\u016fsobuje ekz\u00e9m?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina ekz\u00e9mu nen\u00ed dosud pln\u011b objasn\u011bna, ale v\u00fdzkumy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee jeho vznik ovliv\u0148uje n\u011bkolik faktor\u016f. Mezi hlavn\u00ed rizikov\u00e9 faktory pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Genetick\u00e1 predispozice \u2013 Ekz\u00e9m se \u010dasto vyskytuje v rodin\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na u lid\u00ed s anamn\u00e9zou astmatu, alergi\u00ed nebo atopick\u00e9 dermatitidy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Porucha ko\u017en\u00ed bari\u00e9ry \u2013 Oslaben\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 funkce poko\u017eky zhor\u0161uje schopnost udr\u017eet vlhkost a chr\u00e1nit se p\u0159ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami, alergeny a bakteriemi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Vlivy prost\u0159ed\u00ed a alergie \u2013 Pyl, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed srst nebo extr\u00e9mn\u00ed pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed podm\u00ednky mohou vyvolat vzplanut\u00ed ekz\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Potravinov\u00e9 alergie \u2013 U n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed mohou p\u0159\u00edznaky ekz\u00e9mu zhor\u0161ovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 potraviny, jako jsou o\u0159echy, lepek nebo ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky \u2013 Parf\u00e9my v m\u00fddlech, ple\u0165ov\u00fdch ml\u00e9k\u00e1ch a prac\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch nebo hrub\u00e9 tkaniny, jako je vlna, mohou zhor\u0161it p\u0159\u00edznaky ekz\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny \u2013 Kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed hormon\u016f b\u011bhem menstruace, t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, kojen\u00ed nebo menopauzy m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed ekz\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdo je nejv\u00edce ohro\u017een ekz\u00e9mem?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekz\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee postihnout lidi v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch kategori\u00ed, ale nej\u010dast\u011bji se objevuje v d\u011btstv\u00ed. U mnoha d\u011bt\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edznaky v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let zm\u00edrn\u00ed nebo zcela vymiz\u00ed, av\u0161ak u n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed i v dosp\u011blosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko vzniku ekz\u00e9mu maj\u00ed lid\u00e9 s alergick\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, jako je astma nebo senn\u00e1 r\u00fdma. \u201eEkz\u00e9m se nej\u010dast\u011bji diagnostikuje u d\u011bt\u00ed, ale v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech se jeho projevy s p\u0159ib\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00ed nebo zcela vymiz\u00ed,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed Dr. Palm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak zvl\u00e1dnout ekz\u00e9m?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekz\u00e9m nelze zcela vyl\u00e9\u010dit, ale existuje mnoho zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak kontrolovat jeho p\u0159\u00edznaky a p\u0159edch\u00e1zet vzplanut\u00edm. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b z\u00e1vis\u00ed na z\u00e1va\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, ale spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de o poko\u017eku a vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d\u016fm jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo ekz\u00e9mem trp\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bji doporu\u010dovan\u00e9 metody pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Antihistaminika \u2013 Mohou pomoci zm\u00edrnit sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a nepohodl\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Hydrata\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky \u2013 Hypoalergenn\u00ed kr\u00e9my a ml\u00e9ka pom\u00e1haj\u00ed obnovit p\u0159irozenou bari\u00e9ru poko\u017eky a zabra\u0148uj\u00ed jej\u00edmu vysou\u0161en\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Kortikosteroidn\u00ed kr\u00e9my \u2013 Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed sni\u017eovat z\u00e1n\u011bt a podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed poko\u017eky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m \u2013 Parf\u00e9movan\u00e9 produkty, osv\u011b\u017eova\u010de vzduchu, parf\u00e9my, agresivn\u00ed \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edky a n\u011bkter\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky mohou vyvolat vzplanut\u00ed ekz\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed stresu \u2013 Stres m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedn\u00edm ze spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d\u016f ekz\u00e9mu, proto mohou pomoci relaxa\u010dn\u00ed techniky, jako je j\u00f3ga, meditace nebo pravideln\u00e1 fyzick\u00e1 aktivita.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Vhodn\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed \u2013 Drsn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je vlna nebo syntetick\u00e9 tkaniny, mohou dr\u00e1\u017edit poko\u017eku. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed volbou je voln\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch vl\u00e1ken.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed zvlh\u010dova\u010de vzduchu \u2013 Pokud \u017eijete v such\u00e9m podneb\u00ed, zvlh\u010dova\u010d vzduchu m\u016f\u017ee pomoci udr\u017eet poko\u017eku hydratovanou a sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko vzplanut\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">L\u00e9ky na p\u0159edpis \u2013 U st\u0159edn\u011b t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch a\u017e t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch forem ekz\u00e9mu mohou dermatologov\u00e9 p\u0159edepsat speci\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9ky na kontrolu z\u00e1n\u011btu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">Sv\u011bteln\u00e1 terapie \u2013 \u00dazkop\u00e1smov\u00e1 UVB fototerapie se uk\u00e1zala jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 p\u0159i zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f ekz\u00e9mu, zejm\u00e9na ve spojen\u00ed s lok\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekz\u00e9m je chronick\u00e9 ko\u017en\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed charakterizovan\u00e9 suchost\u00ed, sv\u011bd\u011bn\u00edm a z\u00e1n\u011btem. \u010casto souvis\u00ed s genetick\u00fdmi faktory, reakc\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a vlivy prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eEkz\u00e9m je d\u016fsledkem slo\u017eit\u00e9 interakce mezi genetick\u00fdmi predispozicemi, imunitn\u00edmi mechanismy a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi faktory,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Dr. Penzi. \u201eMnoho lid\u00ed s ekz\u00e9mem m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako je astma nebo alergie, ale neplat\u00ed to v\u017edy.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee ekz\u00e9m nelze \u00fapln\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010dit, spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de o poko\u017eku, dostate\u010dn\u00e1 hydratace a individu\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fd l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd pl\u00e1n mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b zm\u00edrnit p\u0159\u00edznaky a zlep\u0161it kvalitu \u017eivota. P\u00e9\u010de o ekzematickou poko\u017eku vy\u017eaduje trp\u011blivost a d\u016fslednost, ale s vhodn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem lze minimalizovat nep\u0159\u00edjemnosti a zabr\u00e1nit \u010dast\u00fdm vzplanut\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jei jau kur\u012f laik\u0105 kovojate su itin sausa ir nie\u017etin\u010dia oda, gali b\u016bti, kad susiduriate&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":1512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[89,92],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-oda","category-odos-problemos"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1434"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1948,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1434\/revisions\/1948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dermatologyscience.institute\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}